Wednesday, April 14, 2021

Advantages and Disadvantages of Carbide Rolls

Precautions for the Use of Carbide Rolls


1. After the carbide roll is installed, the carbide roll worker should carefully check the roll cooling water pipe and position, and then connect the introduced hose to the special water pipe. After the hose is connected, the interface must be tied tightly with lead wire to prevent the roll from being in a state of no cooling water after falling off, which may cause serious consequences.

2. During the rolling process of the roll, pay close attention to the running state of the bearing seat, and stop and check if any abnormality is found.

3. In order to reduce the occurrence of fatigue cracks, the surface of the roll ring must be cooled with water to reduce the thermal expansion of the surface. When the rolled piece is in contact with the roll ring surface, the temperature of the roll ring surface can reach 500-600℃. Cooling water sprayed on the hot roll ring surface will form a layer of gas film covering the surface of the roll ring, which will seriously affect the cooling effect. It shows that when the cooling air pressure reaches more than 0.5Mpa, the gas film will be broken, so that the cooling effect will be improved.

Low-speed rolling mill roll ring cooling water pressure should not be too high, in order to prevent the cooling water from splashing and fail to cool down, the cooling water pressure should be 3-4Mpa, and the water volume should be 40-50 cubic meters per hour. At the same time, in order to improve the cooling effect, the coverage of the cooling water sprayed by the cooling water nozzle should be correspondingly overlapped, and the outlet of the cooling water column should be aligned with the exit of the roll ring. Carbide roller rings also have special requirements for water acidity: PH≥7.2 is weakly alkaline and kept clean.

carbide roll

4. Water cooling of carbide rolls is an extremely important means during use. The better the cooling condition, the higher the tonnage of carbide rolls, otherwise the rolls will easily burst. Therefore, during the rolling process, each production shift should stop every 4 hours to check whether the position of the dedicated cooling water pipe is moving and whether the water pipe nozzle is blocked, and then drive the rolling.

5. When handing over the shift, the operator should carefully check the wear of the rolling slot and whether there are minor cracks. If the above happens, they should report to the quality supervisor of the dispatching room, and then replace the carbide roll groove after confirmation.

6. During the rolling process, the roll gap adjustment must not be zero-gap, that is, the roll must not be touched during rolling.

7. Once the sampling room is found to be abnormal in rolling products, the person in charge should notify the dispatching room, and the dispatching room should stop for inspection immediately after receiving the notice. If the key block of the roll matrix is protruding, the screws are loose, and the rolling groove has slight cracks, it is necessary to replace the rolling groove and the cemented carbide roll.

8. It is recommended that the single groove-rated rolling tonnage of ф5—ф8 wire is 800—1000 tons. The single groove rolling tonnage cannot be excessively higher than the specified tonnage, otherwise, the surface micro-cracks will cause the roll ring to crack, even if it does not crack, it will increase the amount of roll ring grinding, resulting in uneconomical.

carbide rolls

Advantages and Disadvantages of Applying Carbide Rolls on Bar and Wire Rod Rolling Mills

Due to the advantages of high hardness and good wear resistance, the application of cemented carbide roll rings on bar and wire rod rolling mills shows the following advantages:

1. Improve the quality of steel products, so that the surface quality and tolerance dimensions of the steel are completely improved, and the negative deviation control is very accurate;

2. Reduce the number of slot changes, roll changes and downtime, increase the utilization rate and output of the rolling mill, and enable the rolling mill to create greater economic benefits in the same time;

3. Reduce the scrap rate of products and reduce the labor intensity of the production workshop;

4. Reducing production costs is an effective way for enterprises to increase efficiency;

5. Conducive to the application of endless rolling technology.

The disadvantages are: due to the high hardness and brittleness of cemented carbide roll ring and high sensitivity to cracks, it is difficult to maintain, and the requirement for cooling water is high in use, and it can not bear the rapid cooling and heating, otherwise it is easy to cause destructive accidents.


Friday, April 9, 2021

Cooling Bed of Rebar Rolling Mill

The cooling bed is the working table of the metallurgical steel rolling industry to cool rolled products (rebar, round steel, steel pipe, etc.). The cooling bed is composed of the mechanical transmission system, water cooling system, cooling bed table, fixed support, etc. The cooling beds mainly include gear extraction cooling bed, walking beam cooling bed, claw type cooling bed, carrying chain cooling bed, rolling plate cooling bed, etc.

The cooling bed is one of the indispensable auxiliary equipment in small and medium-sized bar mill plants. Its function is to cut double-length bar rolled by rolling mill through flying shear, transport and unload it to the rack of cooling bed for cooling, so as to reduce its temperature from 900 ℃ to 100 ~ 300 ℃. Then it is collected and sent to output roller table by unloading device of cooling bed, and then it is sent to cold shear for cutting into fixed-length finished product by output roller table. The design quality and installation accuracy of the cooling bed directly determine the final quality of products.

walking beam cooling bed

Equipment Composition

The cooling bed consists of three parts: cooling bed feeding device, serrated walking beam cooling bed body, cooling bed unloading device and output roller table. The cooling bed charging device is a difficult point in the design of the cooling bed, and it is also a throat device.

Feeding Device

The feeding device is composed of a roll-in roller table, a straightening plate, a brake apron and a pneumatic steel splitting device. The structural feature of the feeding device is that a hydraulic cylinder is arranged every 12m in the length direction of 120m, all hydraulic cylinders operate synchronously, and the skirt board is moved up and down at the same time through the connecting rod and the synchronous shaft.

The performance characteristics of the feeding device are: a proximity switch is set on the synchronization axis to detect and control the lifting position of the lifting skirt to ensure accurate and reliable actions; the control valve of the hydraulic cylinder is configured nearby to minimize pressure errors and ensure synchronization of actions The direct-acting relief valve and anti-cavitation valve are set in the control circuit, and the optimized design of the hydraulic cylinder can effectively solve the problem of damage to the hydraulic system caused by the huge impact and ensure the safety of the hydraulic system.

The side drive of the hydraulic cylinder, the synchronous shaft is arranged outside the high-temperature zone. When each hydraulic cylinder is kept in sync, each shaft bears only the torsional stress required for the lifting of the lifting skirt plate, while the synchronous shaft is rotated. There is almost no inertial force. Because the inertial force of the skirt is distributed to each hydraulic cylinder, the force state of the mechanism is greatly improved. 

There is an adjustment mechanism on the connecting rod, which can easily adjust the up and down position of the skirt board. Due to the optimized design of the mechanical structure, the electrical control adopts computational control technology, and the hydraulic system adopts safety measures, the device is endowed with superior performance. The levelness and straightness of all skirts are reliably guaranteed during work.

cooling bed

Classification

Cooling beds mainly include pull-tooth cooling beds, rack stepping cooling beds, claw cooling beds, carrier chain cooling beds, and rolling plate cooling beds.

Working Principle

The rolled products are transported into the cooling bed through the roller table, and then the workpieces arranged on the cooling bed are gradually moved to the top of the cooling bed by means of rack and gear stepping, so as to achieve the cooling effect of the workpiece.

The Main Purpose

The cooling bed equipment is mainly used for on-line slow natural cooling of rolled steel plates. In the profile production line, the cooling bed also has a pre-bending function for the profile to prevent the profile from being irregularly bent due to unequal quality in the natural cooling process. Cooling beds are mainly used in the steel industry, metallurgical industry, etc.

Operating Procedures

1. During the rolling process, the operators of the cooling bed are strictly forbidden to go on the cooling bed, and are not allowed to walk on the roller table or rack.

2. If there are accidents such as chaotic bed during production, it must be processed and cleared after the rolling stop.

3. The sampling of the cooling bed should use special tools for sampling.

4. Pay attention to the surrounding conditions during operation, and it is strictly forbidden for unrelated persons to enter the dangerous area of ​​the large cooling bed.

5. Hot waste products caused by accidents such as chaotic beds must be removed on duty to ensure that the environment around the cooling bed is tidy.

cooling beds

If you are interested in cooling beds for rolling mill machine, please mail at marketing2@hanrm.com.

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Friday, April 2, 2021

Presentation on Electric Arc Furnace (A)

The electric arc furnace is an electric furnace that uses high temperature produced by electrode arc to smelt ore and metal. When the arc is formed by gas discharge, the energy is concentrated and the temperature of the arc zone is above 3000 ℃. For smelting metals, EAF is more flexible than other steelmaking furnaces, which can effectively remove sulfur, phosphorus and other impurities. The furnace temperature is easy to control, and the equipment covers a small area. It is suitable for smelting high-quality alloy steel.

Introduction

Through the metal electrode or nonmetal electrode to produce electric arc heating industrial furnace is called electric arc furnace. According to the form of arc, EAF can be divided into three-phase EAF, consumable EAF, single-phase EAF and resistance EAF. The furnace body of EAF is composed of furnace cover, furnace door, tapping tank and furnace body. The furnace bottom and wall are built with basic refractory or acid refractory.

According to the transformer capacity per ton of furnace capacity, EAF can be divided into ordinary power EAF, high power EAF and ultra-high power EAF. EAF steelmaking is to input electric energy into EAF through graphite electrode, and take the arc between electrode end and charge as heat source for steelmaking. Electric energy is used as the heat source in EAF, and the atmosphere in EAF can be adjusted, which is very beneficial to the smelting of steel grades with more oxidizable elements.

Shortly after the invention of EAF steelmaking, it was used to smelt alloy steel and developed greatly. With the improvement of EAF equipment and smelting technology, the development of electric power industry, the cost of EAF steelmaking is decreasing. Now EAF steelmaking is not only used for the production of alloy steel, but also for the production of ordinary carbon steel. The proportion of its output in the total steel output of major industrial countries is rising.

electric arc furnace


Development History


In 1888-1892, p.l.t.h é roult developed coal instead of energy by using a high temperature of electrode arc, and invented an arc furnace for direct smelting. At first, the EAF was only used for the production of calcium carbide and ferroalloy, and it was developed to make steel in 1906, and thus the scrap steel could be recycled economically and in scale. The electric energy is converted into heat energy by the arc between the end of the graphite electrode and the charge, and then the furnace charge is melted and the subsequent high-temperature metallurgical reaction is completed. Because it uses electric energy and is easy to adjust the atmosphere in the furnace, it can smelt various kinds of alloy steel including the oxidizable elements.


With the development of power industry, the continuous improvement of process equipment and the improvement of smelting technology, arc furnace is widely used and its production capacity and scale are increasing. The maximum capacity of EAF was 100t in 1930s, 200t in 1950s and 400t in the early 1970s. Especially in the past 50 years, the technical performance of EAF has been gradually improved, and the production cost has decreased significantly. The proportion of EAF steel in developed countries in Europe and America has exceeded 50%. The development of modern EAF smelting technology advances with the times. 


arc furnace


In the 1960s-1970s, the development of ultra-high power supply and related technologies is mainly carried out. HP and UHP are compared with the general power arc furnace (RP). They are mainly divided according to the capacity of transformer per ton of furnace capacity, and there is a trend of higher and higher in recent years. This means that the heat energy of the electric arc furnace is greatly increased in unit time, which makes the melting time significantly shortened, thus improving the production capacity, reducing electrode consumption, reducing heat loss and reducing the power consumption. The result is that the production capacity is increased again, and the cost also decreases greatly. High voltage long arc operation, water-cooled furnace wall, water-cooled furnace cover, foam slag technology, and external heat source melting have been widely used in conjunction with ultra-high power electric arc furnace. Ladle refining and intensified oxygen utilization have also been adopted.


In the 1980s, the development of LF and EBT technology made the modern EAF steelmaking process of EAF smelting and refining outside the furnace mature. It is worth noting that since then, people have paid more attention to the use of secondary combustion and flue gas sensible heat, namely, the preheating of scrap steel. Different preheating methods of scrap produce different types of modern EAFs, including ordinary arc furnaces preheating with basket scrap, flue shaft furnace with supporting claws, double shell arc furnace and Consteel arc furnace. At present, the equipment and production technology of EAF are still in the process of continuous development.

Inquiry about heating furnaces, please mail at marketing2@hanrm.com.

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